Framingham Risk Score (2008)

The FRS estimates the 10 year risk of manifesting clinical CVD (CAD, Stroke, PVD, CHF, cardiac death). Although not examined in the 2008 model, it is common practice to double the FRS if there is a FHx of premature CAD in a 1st degree relative (men <55y, women <65y).

*The risk stratification tool for the ESC is the SCORE system which estimates 10y risk of CVD death. Patients with a 10y risk of CVD death ≥5% are considered high risk. The lipid guidelines recognize risk equivalents as a distinct category that warrant immediate treatment. For patients with an ESC SCORE ≥ 5% a 3 month trial of lifestyle measures is a reasonable starting point. If after 3 months the lipids remain above moderate risk targets and the SCORE remains ≥ 5% then intensive therapy to reach high risk targets is recommended.